Central Asian Shepherd Dogs are large and powerful, typically standing between 24 to 30 inches (61 to 76 cm) at the shoulder. Their weight commonly ranges from 88 to 143 pounds (40 to 65 kg), with males generally being larger than females, reflecting their robust and muscular build.

Central Asian Shepherd Dogs are known for their protective, confident, and independent nature. They are loyal and devoted to their families but can be wary of strangers, making them effective guardians. Early socialization and training are essential to ensure they develop into well-balanced dogs, as their natural instinct to guard can make them assertive.

The breed has a thick double coat that provides insulation and protection against harsh weather conditions. The outer coat is coarse and straight, while the undercoat is soft and dense. Coat colors can vary widely, including shades of white, fawn, brindle, black, and various combinations thereof. Regular grooming is necessary, especially during shedding seasons.

These dogs thrive in environments where they have space to roam and a job to do, such as guarding property or livestock. They are best suited for rural settings or homes with large yards. While they are protective, they also need companionship and should not be left isolated for long periods.

Central Asian Shepherd Dogs require regular physical exercise to maintain their health and well-being. They enjoy activities such as walking, playing fetch, and participating in dog sports that stimulate their minds, such as obedience training and agility courses. Providing them with tasks that engage their natural guarding instincts is beneficial, helping prevent boredom that can lead to undesirable behaviors.